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James Howard (1821–1889), was an English agriculturalist, Liberal politician, manufacturer, and Bedfordshire landowner.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Who's Who )〕 In respect of his business acumen, Sir Bernard Burke wrote that James Howard had 'by his inventive genius and business talents restored the family to its former position and wealth'.〔''History of the Landed Gentry'', by Sir Bernard Burke, CB, LLD. Published by Harrison & Sons, London, 1894〕 ==Life== Howard was one of the sons of John Howard, of Cauldwell House, Bedford, and was educated at Bedford Modern School where he excelled and taught Junior School classes whilst still a pupil.〔''The Borough of Bedford: Introduction'' in ''A History of the County of Bedford'' Volume 3 (1912), (1–9 ) at british-history.ac.uk (accessed 17 April 2008)〕〔James Howard-obituary, ''Bedfordshire Mercury'' 2 February, 1889, p. 7〕 With his brother Frederick (later Sir Frederick Howard Kt) he founded James & Frederick Howard, a company which made agricultural machinery at the Britannia Works in Bedford.〔(Bedford Modern School Roll of Honour ) at roll-of-honour.com (accessed 16 April 2008)〕〔(Farrar, George Herbert ) at angloboerwar.com (accessed 15 April 2008)〕〔(Cambridgeshire Genealogy Scrapbook – Page 15 ) at ancestry.com (accessed 15 April 2008)〕 In respect of his business acumen, Sir Bernard Burke wrote that James Howard had 'by his inventive genius and business talents restored the family to its former position and wealth'.〔 In 1862, Howard bought a large part of the Clapham, Bedfordshire, estates of Bertram Ashburnham, 4th Earl of Ashburnham, and established a model farm there, farming his land under new scientific methods.〔''Clapham'', in ''A History of the County of Bedford'', Volume 3 (1912), (pp. 128–132 ) at british-history.ac.uk, accessed 16 April 2008〕 Howard was Mayor of Bedford in 1863 and 1864〔(Civic and Ceremonial Mayors of Bedford 19th Century ) at bedford.gov.uk (accessed 17 April 2008)〕 and, in 1868, he was elected as one of the two members of parliament for the Bedford constituency, but he lost the seat to a Conservative in 1874. In 1872, he built Clapham Park, a new Victorian country house in an Elizabethan style standing on high ground to the south of Clapham Wood.〔 In 1880, he returned to the House of Commons as member for the Bedfordshire county constituency, which he represented until it was abolished in 1885. In 1885, Howard was one of the two vice-presidents of the National Pig Breeders' Association, which had been founded in 1884 and which would later become the British Pig Breeders Association.〔(The History of the BPA: The Foundation of Pedigree Pig Breeding ) at britishpigs.org.uk (accessed 16 April 2008)〕 He wrote in 1881 that over twenty years he had bred thousands of pigs, trying the Large, Middle, and Small Whites and the Berkshires, and had crossed the Whites with the Berkshire. For rapid growth and profitability his preferred breed was the Large White, but he was "far from decrying the Berkshires".〔(Pig Breeding ), from the ''Waikato Times'', Volume XVII, Issue 1435, 13 September 1881, Page 3〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「James Howard (agriculturalist)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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